Communication Skills and Ethics flashcards

Source: the originator decides what needs to be communicated and to whom. Encoding: the meaning is turned into words, symbols, numbers, gestures or images. Channel: the medium the message travels through. Decoding: the receiver interprets the message into meaning. Feedback: the receiver's response, confirming whether the message was understood. A fault at any stage breaks the whole process.

Prewriting: define the purpose and audience, gather the facts, outline the key points. Drafting: write a first complete version without polishing. Revising: review structure, content and clarity, moving, adding or cutting sections. Editing: correct grammar, spelling, names, dates, figures and formatting, then proofread.

Manuscript: read word for word from a full script; exact but stiff. Memorised: a full script learned by heart; polished but risky if the speaker loses their place. Extemporaneous: prepared and rehearsed from an outline, delivered in the speaker's own words; the usual recommendation for briefings, training and proposals. Impromptu: little or no preparation, relying on existing knowledge.

Structured: a fixed set of questions in the same order and words for everyone; most comparable, least flexible. Semi-structured: a core set of planned questions with freedom to probe; the usual choice for selection and investigation. Unstructured: no fixed questions, a guided conversation; flexible but hard to compare and open to bias.

Chairperson: opens and closes the meeting, keeps discussion on the agenda and within time, balances participation, stays neutral, summarises each item into a decision or action, rules on procedure and signs the approved minutes. Manages the discussion and the people. Secretary: prepares and circulates the notice, agenda and papers, records attendance and apologies, takes and circulates the minutes, tracks actions and files the approved version. Manages the record and the follow-up.

Ethics: the set of moral principles that govern what is considered right and wrong conduct, and the reasoning about them. Integrity: consistency between one's stated values and one's actual conduct, including when nobody is watching and when honesty is costly.

Privacy: protecting the confidentiality of what is communicated, so only the intended receiver reads it. Integrity: ensuring the message has not been altered, accidentally or deliberately, between sender and receiver. At user level: send to the right recipients, use the organisation's encrypted channels, do not forward personal data without authority, lock screens, never share credentials.

Clarity, conciseness, completeness, correctness, courtesy, consideration and concreteness. Each names a way a message can fail, for example concreteness means 'back by 2 pm' rather than 'soon'.

Letter: formal external correspondence needing a permanent record, such as a warranty claim to a supplier. Memorandum: a short internal instruction, decision or update. Circular: one formal notice sent identically to everyone in a defined group, such as a maintenance window. Report: findings, analysis and recommendations for people who will decide or act.

An ethical dilemma arises where two legitimate obligations conflict and no course of action satisfies both fully, such as confidentiality to a colleague against a duty to report a security incident they caused. A temptation is a situation where the right course is clear but unattractive.

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject

This answer comes with Communication Skills and Ethics. Buy the subject