DQM Basic Units
Information and Communication Technology Skills flashcards
Read the question, say the answer to yourself, then turn the card to check. The first 10 of 48 cards are free; the rest come with the subject.
Card 1 of 48
Jump to a card
Complete Flashcard Reference
Review every card in this deck. Open any card to reveal its answer. The first 10 are free; the other 38 come with the subject.
What does ICT cover, and why does it combine computing with telecommunications?
ICT covers the hardware, software, networks and systems used to create, store, process and exchange information. It combines computing (data processing) with telecommunications (data transmission) because a modern computer is inseparable from the network it connects to.
What are the three cyber security principles, the CIA triad?
Confidentiality: information is accessible only to those authorised to see it. Integrity: information is accurate and has not been altered without authorisation. Availability: information and systems are accessible to authorised users when needed.
What are the five stages of the data processing cycle, in order?
1. Data collection: gathering raw data from its source. 2. Data entry: capturing the data into a system. 3. Processing: calculating, sorting or summarising. 4. Output: presenting the processed data as usable information. 5. Storage: retaining the data and results for future use.
What does each of a router, a switch and a modem do?
Router: directs data traffic between networks. Switch: connects devices within a single local network. Modem: connects a local network to an internet service provider's line.
Name the six components of a computer and the job of each.
CPU: executes instructions, the core processor. Memory (RAM): temporary, fast storage the CPU works from while a program runs. Storage devices: hard disks, SSDs and removable media that hold data permanently. Input devices: bring data into the system. Output devices: present processed information. Motherboard: connects and coordinates all the other components.
What is the difference between a threat and a vulnerability?
Threat: a potential cause of an unwanted incident, such as malware, an intruder or a natural disaster. Vulnerability: a weakness a threat could exploit, such as an unpatched system or a weak password. An assessment identifies both and estimates the risk they combine to create.
How should defect rates from several batches be combined into one weekly rate?
Divide total defectives by total inspected, not by averaging the batch rates. Example: 18/1,200, 20/800 and 22/2,000 give 60 / 4,000 = 1.5%. Averaging the rates gives (1.5% + 2.5% + 1.1%) / 3 = 1.7%, which treats the 800-unit batch as if it mattered as much as the 2,000-unit one and overstates the problem.
What is the difference between a LAN and a WAN?
LAN (Local Area Network): connects devices within a limited area, such as an office or building. WAN (Wide Area Network): connects devices across a larger geographic area.
What technology defines each of the five generations of computers?
First: vacuum tubes, large, slow and power-hungry. Second: transistors, smaller and more reliable. Third: integrated circuits, a major leap in speed and size reduction. Fourth: microprocessors, giving rise to the personal computer. Fifth: emphasis on artificial intelligence and parallel processing.
How do you work out how long a file takes to send over a connection?
Speeds are quoted in bits per second and files are measured in bytes, so multiply the file size by eight, then divide by the connection speed. Example: 3 GB = 3,000 MB x 8 = 24,000 Mb; at 5 Mbps upload that is 4,800 seconds, or 80 minutes.
What are the five general functions of ICT?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
How do the functions of ICT show up in a quality function?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
What is the trend across the generations of computers, and why does it matter to an organisation?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
How do a computer's components work together as a cycle?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
How does memory (RAM) differ from storage devices?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
Give examples of input devices and of output devices.
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
What are the five classes of computer?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
How does a mainframe computer differ from a microcomputer?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
A quality department stores 150 scanned reports a month, each 2 MB, for five years. How much storage does it need?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
What questions decide which hardware and software a department should choose?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
Which is usually chosen first, the software or the hardware, and why?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
Which two Kenyan laws form the main legal framework for ICT security, and what does each do?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
In what two directions does law shape security practice?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
What did the High Court decide in Nubian Rights Forum v Attorney General (2020) about Huduma Namba?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
What are the four steps in asset identification and classification?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
How are security risks usually ranked?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
Name five data security controls.
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
Give a control that protects each of confidentiality, integrity and availability.
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
Staff use weak, shared passwords, though every system is patched. Which CIA principle is most directly at risk?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
How are security controls monitored?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
Give four useful, specific security measures to track over time.
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
Name five types of application and what each is for.
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
What is the difference between validation and verification of data?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
What does data formatting achieve?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
How should dates and measurements be stored in a spreadsheet so they can be used later?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
What is conditional formatting, and how does it help with quality data?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
Distinguish data manipulation, storage and retrieval.
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
Which spreadsheet tools do most of the work in manipulating quality data?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
How is data protected in everyday application use?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
Why does a clear retention rule for quality records matter?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
What are the four functions of computer networks?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
How do networks help a quality function, and what risk do they bring?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
What are a server, and cabling and wireless access points, in network infrastructure?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
An office has 20 Mbps download and 5 Mbps upload. Each video call needs about 2 Mbps each way, and 25% of capacity is kept for other work. How many calls can run at once?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
What is the difference between a client-server and a peer-to-peer configuration?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
What two separate questions do the two ways of classifying a network answer?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
Name five uses of the internet at work.
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
What responsibilities come with using the internet at work?
This answer comes with Information and Communication Technology Skills. Buy the subject
How to revise with these cards
- Answer out loud or on paper before you turn the card: recalling is what fixes it.
- Go through the deck in short sessions of ten to fifteen minutes, every day.
- Shuffle once you know the order, so you are not answering from memory of the sequence.
- When a card catches you out, read the chapter it links to, then try the topic in a past paper.